Inflammatory pseudotumor of the trachea

Summary 

Although more than a dozen names have been used to describe the so-called inflammatory pseudotumor, the term inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor has been suggested by many authors to be an appropriate designation. It is generally a benign lesion that most commonly arises from the lung, but cases involving nearly every site in the body have been documented. Histopathological confirmation is required to prevent an unwarranted radical intervention. Tracheal involvement is uncommon and rarely, distant metastases and sarcomatous transformation have been reported. The clinical presentation of airway inflammatory pseudotumor varies and can mimic refractory-type asthma or malignancy. Conservative endoscopic removal is the standard of care and the overall prognosis is excellent. We present a pediatric case of tracheal inflammatory pseudotumor, and review the etiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: Inflammatory myofibrohistiocytic proliferation, Histiocytoma, Xanthoma, Xanthofibroma, Xanthogranuloma, Sclerosing hemangioma, Endothelioma, Plasmacytoma