Non-tuberculous mycobacteria presenting as an obstructing endobronchial mass in an immunocompetent infant

Summary 

In immunocompetent children, non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections commonly present as cervicofacial lymphadenitis and seldom cause endobronchial lesions. A 10-month-old presented with unilateral wheezing and radiographic findings of air trapping. During endoscopy, granulation tissue obstructing the left main bronchus was removed, and eventually Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex was identified. Serial surgical debridement and prolonged systemic antimicrobials were effective therapeutic interventions.

Keywords: Airway obstruction, Granuloma, Endobronchial mass, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, Non-tuberculous mycobacteria, Atypical mycobacteria